Diagnosis
- X-rays or CT scans used to assess mandible and temporomandibular joint
- Helps differentiate Agnathia from other disorders with similar facial abnormalities
- Shows extent of underdevelopment and structural loss
- Provides visual evidence of the condition
- Assists in determining appropriate treatment approach
Treatment
- Rapid reconstruction using autogenous bone grafting
- Mentoplasty, bone, and cartilage onlay grafts commonly used
- Soft-tissue grafts employed to restore facial symmetry
- Distraction osteogenesis becoming more common
- Early orthodontic therapy aids in correcting malocclusion
Related Condition
- Micrognathia (related condition)
- Provides additional information about similar jaw abnormalities
References
- Ghom AG; Ghom SA (30 September 2014). Textbook of Oral Medicine. JP Medical Ltd. p.125. ISBN978-93-5152-303-1.
- Congenital Jaw Abnormalities - Pediatrics. Merck Manuals Professional Edition. Retrieved 2023-09-29.
- Rajendran A; Sundaram S (10 February 2014). Shafers Textbook of Oral Pathology (7th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences APAC. p.12. ISBN978-81-312-3800-4.
- Provides sources for further reading and research on Agnathia
- Offers authoritative information on the topic
Agnathia (also termed hypognathous) is the absence of a portion or the entirety of one or both jaws. It is a very rare condition. External, middle, and inner ear abnormalities, as well as temporal bone, parotid gland, masticatory muscles, and facial neural abnormalities, frequently coexist with Agnathia. Agnathia is seen in agnathia-holoprosencephaly, otocephaly, and Ivemark syndrome.
| Agnathia | |
|---|---|
| Symptoms | Absence of a portion or the entirety of one or both jaws. |
| Diagnostic method | X-rays or CT scans of the mandible and temporomandibular joint. |
| Treatment | Surgery |
| Frequency | Rare. |
