Definition and Overview:
- Cutaneous sinus of dental origin is a condition caused by a dental infection, resulting in the formation of a sinus tract connecting the oral cavity to the skin surface.
- It is usually caused by an untreated dental abscess or infection.
- The sinus tract allows pus and bacteria to drain from the dental infection to the skin.
- Cutaneous sinus of dental origin is a rare condition but can cause discomfort and complications if left untreated.
Symptoms and Presentation:
- The main symptom is a small opening or fistula on the skin surface, often accompanied by discharge of pus or clear fluid.
- Pain or tenderness around the sinus tract may be experienced.
- Swelling or redness in the affected area can occur.
- The condition is typically associated with dental problems such as tooth decay or gum disease.
Diagnosis and Evaluation:
- Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and medical history.
- A thorough dental examination is performed to identify the source of infection.
- Imaging tests like dental X-rays or CT scans may be used to visualize the extent of the infection and its relation to the sinus tract.
- Biopsy of the sinus tract may be done to rule out other possible causes.
- Differentiation from other skin conditions or infections is important.
Treatment Options:
- Addressing the underlying dental infection is the primary treatment.
- Dental procedures like root canal treatment or tooth extraction may be necessary.
- Antibiotics may be prescribed to control the infection and prevent its spread.
- Surgical intervention may be required to remove the sinus tract and promote healing.
- Regular dental follow-up and good oral hygiene are essential for prevention.
Complications and Prognosis:
- If left untreated, the condition can lead to chronic infection and persistent discharge.
- The infection can spread to surrounding tissues, causing cellulitis or abscess formation.
- In rare cases, the infection may enter the bloodstream and lead to systemic complications.
- Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment usually result in complete resolution.
- Regular dental care and maintenance are important for prevention and avoiding complications.
A cutaneous sinus of dental origin is where a dental infection drains onto the surface of the skin of the face or neck. This is uncommon as usually dental infections drain into the mouth, typically forming a parulis ("gumboil").
| Cutaneous sinus of dental origin | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Cutaneous sinuses of dental origin tend to occur under the chin or mandible. Without elimination of the source of the infection, the lesion tends to have a relapsing and remitting course, with healing periods and periods of purulent discharge.
Cutaneous sinus tracts may result in fibrosis and scarring which may cause cosmetic concern. Sometimes minor surgery is carried out to remove the residual lesion.
