Dental Composite Composition - Dental composites are made of synthetic resins. - They contain Bis-GMA and other dimethacrylate monomers. - Silica is commonly used as a filler material. - Photoinitiators are added for light curing. - Dimethylglyoxime may be added to achieve specific properties.

Comparison to Amalgam Restorations - Studies have compared the longevity of resin-based composite restorations to amalgam restorations. - Depending on various factors, composite restorations can have similar longevity to amalgam restorations. - Resin-based composite restorations have a superior appearance compared to amalgam. - Composite restorations are on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. - Resin-based composites are widely used in dentistry.

History of Use - Traditional resin-based composites set through a chemical reaction between two pastes. - Light-curing resin composites were introduced in the 1970s. - UV light-curing units were replaced by visible light-curing systems with camphorquinone. - Composite resins were initially used as an alternative to silicates and unfilled resins. - Microfilled composite resins were introduced in 1978, offering improved clinical properties.

Types of Composites - Hybrid composites, also known as resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs), were introduced in the 1980s. - RMGICs consist of a powder containing a radio-opaque fluoroaluminosilicate glass and a photoactive liquid. - RMGICs can be used for Class II cavities and have superior adhesive properties. - They release fluoride and are recommended for basing cavities. - Hybrid composites have undergone significant improvements in terms of strength and durability.

Advantages and Disadvantages - Dental composites offer improved tooth tissue-mimicry and can be closely matched to the color of existing teeth. - Composite fillings bond to tooth structure, strengthening the tooth and restoring its integrity. - Tooth-sparing preparation is possible with composite fillings, as they do not require significant removal of healthy tooth material. - Composite restorations can be a less costly alternative to dental crowns and can preserve more of the natural tooth. - Composite fillings can repair chipped, broken, or worn teeth that may not be repairable with amalgam fillings. - Composite resins can shrink during curing, leading to inferior bonding interfaces. - Shrinkage can cause microleakage and subsequent decay (secondary caries). - Dental hygiene and regular checkups can help mitigate the risk of secondary caries. - Some newer materials, like silorane resin, have lower polymerization shrinkage. - Composite fillings may not last as long as amalgam fillings, especially for large cavities. - Composite materials can chip off the tooth. - Successful outcomes depend on the skills of the practitioner and placement technique. - Keeping the prepared tooth completely dry can be difficult, especially for posterior teeth. - Composite restorations may take longer than amalgam restorations. - The cost of composite restorations may be higher than amalgam restorations.