Classification of Odontogenic Cysts:
- Keratocyst (solitary or associated with Gorlin-Goltz or Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome)
- Paradental cyst
- Periapical cyst (most common odontogenic cyst)
- Radicular cyst (associated with non-vital teeth)
- Residual cyst
Cystic Neoplasms:
- Keratocystic odontogenic tumor
- Calcifying odontogenic tumor
- Cystic ameloblastoma
- Potential conversion of dentigerous cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, and residual cyst into locally aggressive ameloblastoma or malignant squamous cell carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Diagnosis of Odontogenic Cysts:
- Presence of cholesterol clefts indicating periapical or inflamed dentigerous cyst on histopathology
Treatment of Odontogenic Cysts:
- Range of treatments from simple enucleation to curettage to resection
- Endodontic treatment for small radicular cysts
- Curettage recommended for keratocyst due to high recurrence potential
- Conservative enucleation as the treatment of choice for most odontogenic cysts
- Pathological evaluation of the removed cyst to confirm diagnosis and rule out other neoplastic lesions
Related Topics:
- Cyst
- Mucous cyst of the oral mucosa
This article may be too technical for most readers to understand. (June 2023) |
Odontogenic cyst are a group of jaw cysts that are formed from tissues involved in odontogenesis (tooth development). Odontogenic cysts are closed sacs, and have a distinct membrane derived from rests of odontogenic epithelium. It may contain air, fluids, or semi-solid material. Intra-bony cysts are most common in the jaws, because the mandible and maxilla are the only bones with epithelial components. That odontogenic epithelium is critical in normal tooth development. However, epithelial rests may be the origin for the cyst lining later. Not all oral cysts are odontogenic cysts. For example, mucous cyst of the oral mucosa and nasolabial duct cyst are not of odontogenic origin.
In addition, there are several conditions with so-called (radiographic) 'pseudocystic appearance' in jaws; ranging from anatomic variants such as Stafne static bone cyst, to the aggressive aneurysmal bone cyst.
