Types of Bone Defects - Horizontal defects - Vertical or angular defects - Fenestrations - Dehiscences

Characteristics of Horizontal Defects - Generalised bone loss occurs most frequently as horizontal bone loss. - Horizontal bone loss manifests as a uniform decrease in the height of the bone in relation to the teeth. - Radiographs can indicate the presence of horizontal defects. - Triangulation is a triangular area of missing bone commonly seen in horizontal defects. - Horizontal defects usually occur adjacent to a tooth.

References - Carranza, FA: Bone Loss and Patterns of Bone Destruction. In Newman, MG; Takei, HH; Carranza, FA; editors: Carranza's Clinical Periodontology, 9th Edition. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 2002. page 363. - Robert P. Langlais; Craig S. Miller (2003). Color Atlas of Common Oral Diseases. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp.74–. ISBN978-0-7817-3385-4. - Capnocytophaga sp. - Preston D. Miller - Willoughby D. Miller

Other Specialties Related to Periodontal Disease - Endodontology - Orthodontology - Prosthodontology - Dentistry

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