Symptoms and Signs - Occlusion - Anterior open bite - Receding chin - Loss of ramus height - Antegonial notching - Hyperplasia of the coronoid process of the mandible - Clicking or popping when opening or closing the jaw - Pain when opening or closing the jaw - Limited jaw mobility

Causes - Unknown cause, but theories suggest hormonal mediation, especially in young females - Strain on the temporomandibular joint from orthodontics or orthognathic surgery - Reactive arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis as possible causes

Diagnosis - Clinical evaluation - Imaging techniques such as cone beam computed tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, and positron emission tomography

Treatments - Orthodontics to address malocclusion without surgery, although stability can be an issue - Orthognathic surgery in conjunction with orthodontics to reconstruct and stabilize the temporomandibular joint - Use of anti-inflammatory medication to slow the resorption process - Arthrocentesis and arthroscopic surgery to treat disc displacement and other symptoms - Total removal of the diseased condyles and replacement with a temporomandibular joint total joint replacement (TJR) device

Related Concepts - TMJ disorder - Orthognathic surgery - Condylar Hyperplasia