Introduction to Digital Object Identifier (DOI) - DOI is a persistent identifier used to uniquely identify various objects. - It is standardised by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). - DOIs are widely used to identify academic, professional, and government information. - They are used for journal articles, research reports, data sets, and official publications. - DOIs can also identify commercial videos and other types of information resources.

Nomenclature and Syntax of DOIs - A DOI consists of a prefix and a suffix, separated by a slash. - The prefix identifies the registrant and the suffix identifies the specific object. - Most legal Unicode characters are allowed in DOI strings. - The prefix usually takes the form '10.NNNN' where NNNN is a number. - The prefix may be further subdivided with periods, like '10.NNNN.N'.

Display and Resolution of DOIs - The official DOI Handbook recommends displaying DOIs as 'doi:10.1000/182'. - CrossRef, a major DOI registration agency, recommends displaying a URL instead. - The URL format is 'https://doi.org/10.1000/182'. - This URL is persistent and redirects to the correct online location of the linked item. - The entire URL is displayed to facilitate copying and pasting. - DOI name resolution is provided through the Handle System, developed by the Corporation for National Research Initiatives. - DOI resolution redirects the user to URLs, services, or metadata associated with the DOI name. - DOI names are resolved using DOI resolvers such as doi.org or by including the DOI as a URL in a document. - HTTP proxies can be used to avoid typing or cutting-and-pasting into a resolver. - Alternative DOI resolvers, such as doai.io and oadoi.org, provide additional functionalities.

Content Covered by the DOI System - The DOI system covers scholarly materials such as journal articles and books. - It also includes research datasets and European Union official publications. - Chinese and Taiwanese electronic academic journals are covered by the DOI system. - Permanent global identifiers are assigned to audio/visual content titles. - OECD iLibrary uses DOIs for tables and graphs in their publications.

Features, Benefits, and Standardization of the DOI System - DOIs provide persistent identification of objects. - They associate metadata with objects, providing relevant information to users. - DOI names can be resolved to web locations where the objects can be found. - The DOI system combines the Handle System and the indecs Content Model. - The system has a social infrastructure to achieve its goals. - DOI names identify the object itself as a first-class entity, unlike URLs which identify the specific location of the object. - The primary purpose of the DOI system is to make a collection of identifiers actionable and interoperable. - DOI system offers persistent, semantically interoperable resolution to related current data. - Other identifier systems may lack the functionality of a registry-controlled scheme and accompanying metadata. - DOI names are similar to URNs and PURLs, but differ from ordinary URLs. - The International DOI Foundation (IDF) is a non-profit organization that governs the DOI system. - IDF safeguards intellectual property rights related to the DOI system and manages common operational features. - The IDF supports the development and promotion of the DOI system. - Improvements made to the DOI system are available to any DOI registrant. - The IDF ensures the creation, maintenance, registration, resolution, and policymaking of DOI names. - The DOI system is an international standard developed by ISO. - ISO/DIS 26324 met ISO requirements for approval. - Final standard was published on April 23, 2012. - DOI is a registered URI under the info URI scheme. - DOI syntax is a NISO standard. - Registration agencies allocate DOI prefixes and register DOI names. - They provide infrastructure for registrants to declare and maintain metadata. - Registration agencies actively promote widespread adoption of DOI system. - They cooperate with IDF in developing the DOI system. - List of current RAs is maintained by the International DOI Foundation. - Registration agencies generally charge a fee to assign a new DOI name. - Parts of these fees are used to support the IDF. - DOI system operates on a not-for-profit cost recovery basis. - IDF is recognised as one of the federated registrars for the Handle System. - IDF is responsible for assigning Handle System prefixes. - The DOI system continues to evolve and adapt to changing needs. - Efforts are underway to improve the resolution and linking of DOIs. - New technologies like blockchain are being explored for DOI registration. - The use of DOIs is expanding beyond traditional scholarly content. - The IDF and registration agencies are actively involved in advancing the DOI system.