Primary Failure of Eruption - Coined by William Proffit and Katherine Vig in 1981. - Prevalence of PFE is approximately 0.06% in the population. - Teeth affected by PFE do not have a precursor tooth blocking their path. - Posterior teeth are primarily affected, along with the teeth distal to the affected tooth. - Both primary and permanent teeth can be affected, leading to a posterior open bite. - Management options include extractions of affected teeth. - Orthodontic space closure or prosthetic implant with a bone graft can be considered for a single affected tooth. - Segmental osteotomy may be performed if multiple teeth are affected. - However, minimal success has been shown following these procedures. - Teeth affected by PFE are non-responsive to orthodontic force and may experience ankylosis if force is applied.

Mechanical Failure of Eruption - Occurs when the affected tooth is ankylosed to the surrounding bone. - Teeth distal to the affected tooth do not exhibit ankylosis. - A tooth with mechanical failure of eruption produces a dull metallic sound on a percussion test.

Eruption Failure Related to Syndrome - Syndromes associated with failure of tooth eruption include Cleidocranial dysplasia, Osteoporosis, Rutherford syndrome, GAPO syndrome, and Osteoglophonic dysplasia.

References - Decker, Eva; Stellzig-Eisenhauer, Angelika; Fiebig, Britta S.; Rau, Christiane; Kress, Wolfram; Saar, Kathrin; Rüschendorf, Franz; Hubner, Norbert; Grimm, Tiemo (2008-12-01). PTHR1 loss-of-function mutations in familial, nonsyndromic primary failure of tooth eruption. - Frazier-Bowers, Sylvia A.; Koehler, Karen E.; Ackerman, James L.; Proffit, William R. (2007-05-01). Primary failure of eruption: further characterization of a rare eruption disorder. - Proffit, William R.; Vig, Katherine W. L. (1981-08-01). Primary failure of eruption: A possible cause of posterior open-bite. - Ahmad, Sofia; Bister, Dirk; Cobourne, Martyn T. (2006-12-01). The clinical features and etiological basis of primary eruption failure. - Susami, Takafumi; Matsuzaki, Masako; Ogihara, Yuji; Sakiyama, Miyuki; Takato, Tsuyoshi; Sugawara, Yasushi; Matsumoto, Shigeyuki (2006-09-01). Segmental alveolar distraction for the correction of unilateral open-bite caused by multiple ankylosed teeth: a case report.