Signs and symptoms of greenstick fracture
- Pain at the injured area
- Protective behavior in older children
- Crying inconsolably in babies
- Swelling and discoloration in the area
- Gradual chronic pain or pain from a specific injury

Risk factors for greenstick fracture
- Activities with a high risk of falling
- Non-accidental injury
- Blow on the forearm or shin
- Greenstick fractures mostly occur in children and teens
- Children and teens have more flexible bones compared to adults

Diagnosis of greenstick fracture
- Projectional radiography is generally preferable for diagnosis

Treatment of greenstick fracture
- Removable splints result in better outcomes for torus fractures in children
- Repeat X-rays are not needed if the person is doing better after 4 weeks

Greenstick fractures in the fossil record
- Greenstick fractures found in the fossil record are studied by paleopathologists
- Fossils of Allosaurus fragilis show evidence of greenstick fractures
- Greenstick fractures are found in the fossil remains of Australopithecus afarensis
- Analysis of bone fracture patterns suggest that Lucy died from a vertical fall and impact with the ground