Signs and symptoms
- Sore on the face or oral cavity that does not heal
- Trouble swallowing
- Change in voice
- Unusual bleeding
- Facial pain, numbness, or swelling

Mouth
- Squamous cell cancers common in the mouth
- Associated with tobacco and alcohol use
- Surgeries for oral cancers include maxillectomy, mandibulectomy, glossectomy, radical neck dissection
- Defects are covered/improved using body parts or skin grafts
- Lip and oral cavity cancers are most common types of head and neck cancer

Nose
- Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer affects nasal cavity and sinuses
- Most are squamous cell carcinomas

Nasopharynx
- Nasopharyngeal cancer arises in the nasopharynx
- Distinct from common head and neck squamous cell carcinomas
- Poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma is lymphoepithelioma
- Treated as a separate disease by many experts

Throat
- Oropharyngeal cancers begin in the oropharynx
- Squamous cell carcinomas are common
- Tonsil cancers strongly associated with HPV infection
- HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer has better outcome than HPV-negative disease
- High risk of developing a second primary cancer