Definition, Characteristics, and Diagnosis of Lateral Periodontal Cyst
- Lateral periodontal cyst is a type of cyst found in the oral and maxillofacial region.
- It is a developmental odontogenic cyst.
- The cyst is usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during routine dental examinations.
- It is most commonly found in the mandibular premolar and canine region.
- Histologically, the cyst is lined by nonkeratinised stratified squamous epithelium.
- Lateral periodontal cysts are often small and have well-defined borders.
- They may cause expansion of the cortical bone in the affected area.
- Radiographically, the cyst appears as a unilocular radiolucency with a thin radiopaque border.
- Differential diagnosis includes other odontogenic cysts and periapical lesions.
- Definitive diagnosis is made through histopathological examination of the cyst lining.

Treatment and Management of Lateral Periodontal Cyst
- Enucleation, or complete surgical removal of the cyst, is the most common treatment approach.
- In some cases, marsupialization may be performed.
- Adjunctive measures such as guided bone regeneration may be used to promote bone regeneration.
- Regular follow-up and monitoring is necessary to detect any recurrence of the cyst.
- Prognosis is generally favorable, with a low recurrence rate reported.

Complications and Associated Conditions of Lateral Periodontal Cyst
- Squamous-cell carcinoma can rarely arise within a lateral periodontal cyst.
- Pigmented lateral periodontal cysts and other pigmented odontogenic lesions have been reported.
- The lateral periodontal cyst has been associated with the botryoid odontogenic cyst.
- The cyst may cause displacement or resorption of adjacent teeth.
- In rare cases, the cyst may be associated with root resorption.

Research and Literature on Lateral Periodontal Cyst
- Several studies have been conducted to analyze the clinical significance, etiology, and diagnosis of lateral periodontal cyst.
- A case report and review of pertinent literature have been published, highlighting a successful treatment approach using enucleation and guided bone regeneration.
- The lateral periodontal cyst has been discussed in dental association journals and oral pathology textbooks.
- Multifactorial analysis of a series of lateral periodontal cyst cases has been conducted.
- Research has been conducted on the pigmented lateral periodontal cyst and other pigmented odontogenic lesions.

Formation, Pathophysiology, Classification, Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Predictive Factors of Lateral Periodontal Cyst
- Controversial origin with three etiopathological hypotheses.
- Hypothesis suggests cyst is lined by nonkeratinised epithelium reminiscent of reduced enamel epithelium.
- Histopathologically presents glycogen-rich clear cells, similar to dental lamina remnants.
- Epithelial cell rests of Malassez in roots surface play a role in cyst formation.
- Other theories propose pulpal infection or chronic periodontal disease as possible causes.
- Two morphological types: Unicystic and Multicystic.
- Botryoid odontogenic cyst was once classified as a variant but opposed by some researchers.
- Cells of origin for both cysts may be the same.
- Asymptomatic and usually detected in routine radiography.
- Insidious onset with a yearly growth rate of 0.7mm.
- Adjacent teeth vitality important for differential diagnosis.
- Radiographically presents as a rounded, teardrop-shaped radiolucency.
- Surgical removal required, with bone regeneration occurring within 6 months to 1 year.