Notation - In the universal numbering system, the right permanent maxillary first molar is tooth 3, and the left one is tooth 14. - In the Palmer notation, both maxillary first molars have the letter D, but the right molar has the symbol ┘ and the left molar has └. - In the international system of notation, the right permanent maxillary first molar is known as 16, and the left one is known as 26. - In the universal numbering system, the right deciduous maxillary first molar is known as B, and the left one is known as I. - In the Palmer notation, both maxillary first molars have the letter D, but the right molar has the symbol ┘ and the left molar has └. - In the international system of notation, the right deciduous maxillary first molar is known as 54, and the left one is known as 64.

External root morphology - The maxillary first molar normally has three roots. - The mesiobuccal root has depressions on its mesial and distal surfaces and usually contains two canals. - The distobuccal root is rounded or ovoid in cross-section and usually contains a single canal. - The palatal root is broad mesiodistally, ovoidal in shape, and normally contains only a single canal. - Depressions can be found on the distal aspect of the mesiobuccal roots, as well as on the furcal side of the distobuccal and palatal roots. - The average length of the maxillary first molar is 20.5mm, with an average crown length of 7.5mm and an average root length of 13mm.

Pathologies - Maxillary first molars are the second most common carious teeth. - They are also the second most common teeth to undergo endodontic treatment or extraction. - Up to 21% of all extracted teeth are maxillary first molars.

External links - Video description of the maxillary first molar.

References - Ash, Major M. and Nelson, Stanley J. (2003). Wheeler's Dental Anatomy, Physiology, and Occlusion. - J. Craig Baumgartner MS, DDS, PHD, John I. Ingle, DDS, MSD, Leif K. Bakland, DDS, eds. (2008). Ingle's Endodontics. - Zadik Y, Sandler V, Bechor R, Salehrabi R (August 2008). Analysis of factors related to extraction of endodontically treated teeth.