Family Friendly & Specialty Dentists in London, UK
We use cookies to help you navigate efficiently and perform certain functions. You will find detailed information about all cookies under each consent category below.
The cookies that are categorised as "Necessary" are stored on your browser as they are essential for enabling the basic functionalities of the site. ...
Necessary cookies are required to enable the basic features of this site, such as providing secure log-in or adjusting your consent preferences. These cookies do not store any personally identifiable data.
Functional cookies help perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collecting feedback, and other third-party features.
Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. These cookies help provide information on metrics such as the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc.
Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors.
Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with customised advertisements based on the pages you visited previously and to analyze the effectiveness of the ad campaigns.
Discovery and Properties
- Discovered in 1949 by microbiologist Selman Waksman and student Hubert Lechevalier at Rutgers University
- Produced naturally by the bacterium Streptomyces fradiae
- Synthesis requires specific nutrient conditions in either stationary or submerged aerobic conditions
- Isolated and purified from the bacterium
- Neomycin was discovered over 50 years ago
- Neomycin is an antibiotic active against streptomycin-resistant bacteria
- It has been used in pharmaceutical manufacturing
- Neomycin can induce hypersensitivity reactions in some individuals
Medical Uses
- Typically applied topically, such as in Neosporin
- Can be administered orally, often combined with other antibiotics
- Used as a preventive measure for hepatic encephalopathy and hypercholesterolemia
- Effective against streptomycin-resistant bacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Used to treat small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
Spectrum
- Excellent activity against gram-negative bacteria
- Partially effective against gram-positive bacteria
- Relatively toxic to humans, with allergic reactions as a common adverse reaction
- Physicians sometimes recommend antibiotic ointments without neomycin
- Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) susceptibility data for medically significant gram-negative bacteria
Side Effects
- Fifth-most-prevalent allergen in patch test results
- Known GABA antagonist, responsible for seizures and psychosis
- Ototoxic, causing tinnitus, hearing loss, and vestibular problems
- Affects the cochlea in the inner ear
- Patients with existing tinnitus or hearing loss should consult a healthcare practitioner
Molecular Biology
- Antibacterial activity through binding to the 30S subunit of the prokaryotic ribosome
- High binding affinity for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2)
- Resistance conferred by kanamycin kinase genes
- Neomycin-resistant bacteria research ongoing
- Biosynthetic pathway and composition of neomycin
