Location, Ownership, and History - The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is located in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. - It is the largest stock exchange in the world by market capitalization. - The NYSE trading floor is located at the New York Stock Exchange Building on 11 Wall Street and 18 Broad Street. - The NYSE is owned by Intercontinental Exchange, an American holding company. - Previously, it was part of NYSE Euronext, formed by the NYSE's 2007 merger with Euronext. - The earliest recorded organization of securities trading in New York can be traced back to the Buttonwood Agreement in 1792. - The Bank of North America, First Bank of the United States, and Bank of New York were the first shares traded on the NYSE. - In 1864, the Open Board of Stock Brokers was established as a competitor to the NYSE and later merged with it in 1869. - The NYSE experienced rapid growth in securities trading in the latter half of the 19th century. - Securities trade in the 19th and early 20th centuries was prone to panics and crashes, leading to government regulation.

Notable Events - The NYSE partially closed during World War I but reopened for stock trading in mid-December 1914. - The Wall Street bombing occurred outside the NYSE building on September 16, 1920. - The Black Thursday crash on October 24, 1929, and subsequent sell-off panic are often blamed for precipitating the Great Depression. - In 1934, the NYSE was registered as a national securities exchange with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. - Abbie Hoffman led a Yippie movement stunt at the NYSE in 1967, where dollars were thrown towards the trading floor.

Merger and Expansion - On April 21, 2005, the NYSE announced plans to merge with Archipelago and became a publicly traded company in 2006. - The NYSE Group completed its merger with Euronext in 2007, forming NYSE Euronext, the first transatlantic stock exchange. - Wall Street is the leading U.S. money center for international financial activities and wholesale financial services. - Prior to the acquisition by Intercontinental Exchange in 2013, Marsh Carter was the Chairman of the NYSE. - In 2016, NYSE owner Intercontinental Exchange Inc. earned $419 million in listings-related revenues.

Importance and Influence - The NYSE is a significant player in the global financial market. - It provides superior liquidity and attracts buyers, sellers, and dealers. - The NYSE's reputation for providing liquidity helps maintain a large number of orders flowing. - The NYSE is a key component of Wall Street, the foremost U.S. location for wholesale financial services. - The NYSE has implemented rules to protect shareholder interests, such as restrictions on brokers voting uninstructed shares.

Trading and Trading Curbs - NYSE open for trading Monday through Friday from 9:30am – 4:00pm ET. - Continuous auction format for stock transactions. - Traders gather around appropriate post where specialist broker acts as auctioneer. - Auction process moved toward automation in 1995 with wireless handheld computers. - All NYSE stocks can be traded electronically via hybrid market. - NYSE implemented trading curbs following Black Monday market crash in 1987. - Circuit breaker levels set at 7%, 13%, and 20% of average closing price of S&P 500. - Level 1 and Level 2 declines result in 15-minute trading halt. - Level 3 decline results in trading being suspended for the day. - NYSE works with regulators to coordinate risk management measures.