Osteotomies of the hip
- Two main types of osteotomies are used in the correction of hip dysplasias and deformities.
- Acetabular procedures are named after the surgeons who first described them.
- Femoral derotation osteotomy corrects version abnormalities of the hip joint.
- Stabilization of the osteotomy site can be achieved using a subtrochanteric blade plate or an intramedullary rod.
Osteotomy of the knee
- Knee osteotomy is commonly used to realign arthritic damage on one side of the knee.
- The goal is to shift the body weight off the damaged area to the other side of the knee.
- Surgeons remove a wedge of the tibia from underneath the healthy side of the knee.
- Osteotomy can delay the need for a total knee replacement for up to ten years.
- The most common type of knee osteotomy is a high tibial osteotomy.
- An incision is made down the front and outside of the knee.
- The top of the shinbone is lowered and attached with surgical staples or screws.
Rehabilitation and prevention
- Patients must exercise extreme caution during all activities until healing is complete.
- Maintaining aerobic cardiovascular fitness helps prevent the progression of osteoarthritis.
- Light, daily exercise is better for an arthritic knee than occasional, heavy exercise.
- Serious knee injuries should be avoided as they can complicate knee injury treatment.
- General recommendations include keeping a slight bend in the knees and avoiding activities that cause pain.
Osteotomy of the jaw
- Osteotomy of the jaw is also known as dentofacial osteotomy.
- It is performed to correct jaw deformities.
- The procedure involves cutting and repositioning the jawbone.
- Osteotomy of the jaw can improve facial aesthetics and correct functional issues.
- It is commonly used in orthodontic and maxillofacial surgery.
- Osteotomy of the chin is a subtopic that corrects a vertically short chin, can lengthen, shorten, or narrow the chin, and is done through an incision inside the mouth.
Veterinary osteotomy procedures
- Commonly used for canine cranial cruciate ligament rupture.
- Tibial plateau leveling osteotomy and tibial tuberosity advancement are common procedures.
- Recovery period is typically 6-8 weeks.
- Osteotomy can be filled with autologous bone grafts, scaffolds, or ceramics.
This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (January 2016) |
An osteotomy is a surgical operation whereby a bone is cut to shorten or lengthen it or to change its alignment. It is sometimes performed to correct a hallux valgus, or to straighten a bone that has healed crookedly following a fracture. It is also used to correct a coxa vara, genu valgum, and genu varum. The operation is done under a general anaesthetic.
| Osteotomy | |
|---|---|
| ICD-9-CM | 77.3 |
| MeSH | D010027 |
Osteotomy is one method to relieve pain of arthritis, especially of the hip and knee. It is being replaced by joint replacement in the older patient.
Due to the serious nature of this procedure, recovery may be extensive. Careful consultation with a physician is important in order to ensure proper planning during a recovery phase. Tools exist to assist recovering patients who may have non–weight bearing requirements and include bedpans, dressing sticks, long-handled shoe-horns, grabbers/reachers and specialised walkers and wheelchairs.
