Terminology and Classification
- Alternative Terminologies: Overlay Denture, Hybrid Prosthesis, Telescoping Denture, Tooth Supported Denture, Onlay dentures
- Types of Abutment: Tooth-supported, Implant-supported
- Types of Attachment System: Stud attachments, O-rings attachment, Extra-radicular attachment (ERA), Ball attachment, Locator (self-aligning) attachment, Bars and clips, Magnets, Telescopic
Indications and Advantages
- Indications: Retention and Stability, Preventative Dentistry, Patient Anatomy, Protection of Root Canal Filling
- Advantages: Overdentures have numerous advantages compared to conventional full or partial removable prosthesis, Can be supported and retained by natural roots or dental implants, Implant retained dentures can be fixed or removable options for completely edentulous patients.
Benefits and Complications
- Benefits of Overdentures: Preservation of proprioception, Retaining roots minimizes bone resorption, Preservation of the alveolar ridge, Improved soft tissue health
- Complications: Lack of oral hygiene, Tooth decay and caries, Alveolar bone resorption, Denture stomatitis, Fracture of the prosthesis
Research and Evidence
- Implants supporting mandibular overdentures have a survival rate ranging from 91.7% to 100% over a 10-year period.
- Ball type attachments have the highest implant survival rate (95.8% - 97.5%).
- Bar and magnet attachments have implant survival rates ranging from 96.2% to 100% and 91.7% respectively.
Specific Cases and Treatment Options
- Implant O-Ring Attachment for Tooth Supported Mandibular Overdenture: Successful outcomes with this attachment, Provides stability and retention, Improves chewing and speech function
- Telescopic Overdenture: Use of telescopic overdenture, Telescopic attachment provides retention and stability, Improves oral function and patient satisfaction
- Root Attachments as an Option for Overdentures: Retention and stability for the overdenture, Suitable for patients with compromised bone quality, Requires proper case selection and treatment planning
- Proprioception for Prevention and Preservation: Importance of proprioception in overdentures, Preserves the remaining dentition and supporting structures, Enhances stability and function of the overdenture
- Prognosis and Complications of Overdentures: Good prognosis in general dental practice, Abutment tooth loss can occur, Denture stomatitis is a common complication, Proper oral hygiene and regular follow-up are essential for long-term success
Overdenture is any removable dental prosthesis that covers and rests on one or more remaining natural teeth, the roots of natural teeth, and/or dental implants. It is one of the most practical measures used in preventive dentistry. Overdentures can be either tooth supported (conventional / immediate) or implant supported. It is found to help in the preservation of alveolar bone and delay the process of complete edentulism.
An overdenture is a denture, the base of which covers one or more teeth, prepared roots or implants.
An overdenture is usually used for elderly patients that have lost some teeth but not all, rendering them suitable for a set of full dentures. The overdenture is not rigid in the mouth; it is removable.
An advantage of overdentures compared to full dentures is that the roots left in the maxilla (upper jaw) help preserve bone of the upper jaw, preventing bone resorption. Another advantage is that the sensory aspect is improved. The nerves in the roots are still present therefore sensation is improved greatly.
The gums around the teeth must be relatively healthy for an overdenture to not cause any further problems.
A maxillary overdenture may be supported by implants. Even though there is no solid evidence to prove how many implants would be ideal to stabilise an overdenture, the most common number of implants used to stabilise a maxillary denture is 4.
For a mandibular overdenture, support was better given by 2 implants than it was when only one implant was present. The patient could also chew much better and was overall more pleased with the overdenture.
At first, chewing capabilities are reduced however within 12 months of fitting the overdenture, the chewing cycle improves.
over- + denture
overdenture (plural overdentures)