Structure and Function of Periosteum - The periosteum consists of an inner cambium layer and an outer fibrous layer. - The fibrous layer is made of dense irregular connective tissue and contains fibroblasts. - The cambium layer is highly cellular and contains progenitor cells that develop into osteoblasts. - Osteoblasts in the periosteum are responsible for increasing the width of long bones. - Progenitor cells in the periosteum develop into osteoblasts and chondroblasts after a bone fracture, aiding in the healing process.

Etymology and Location of Periosteum - The word 'periosteum' is derived from the Greek words 'peri-' meaning surrounding, and '-osteon' meaning bone. - The term 'periosteum' refers to the fact that it is the outermost layer of long bones, surrounding other inner layers.

Additional Information on Periosteum - Diagrammatic section of the head. - The outer surface of the bones at the joints of long bones is lined with articular cartilage. - The length of a long bone is controlled by the epiphyseal plate.

Related Concepts - Periosteal reaction. - Periostitis. - Endochondral ossification. - Intramembranous ossification.

References - Netter, Frank H; Crelin, Edmund S; Kaplan, Frederick S; Woodburne, Russell T; Regina, V.; Mankin, Henry J. (1987). Musculoskeletal System: A Compilation of Paintings of Anatomy, Physiology, and Metabolic Disorders, Part 1. Summit, New Jersey (NJ): CIBA-GEIGY Corporation. - Definition of PERIOSTEUM. www.merriam-webster.com. - Dwek, JR (April 2010). The periosteum: what is it, where is it, and what mimics it in its absence?. Skeletal Radiology. 39 (4): 319–23. doi:10.1007/s00256-009-0849-9. PMC2826636. PMID20049593. - Nahian, Ahmed; Chauhan, Pradip R. (2021), Histology, Periosteum And Endosteum, StatPearls, Treasure Island, Florida (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID32491516. - Modric, Jan (9 December 2013). Periosteum Definition, Location, Anatomy, Histology and Function - eHealthStar.