Classification and Classification Systems - Taurodontism coined by Sir Arthur Keith - Derived from Latin and Greek words meaning bull and tooth - Radiographic characteristics include lack of pulp chamber constriction, enlarged rectangular pulp chamber, and displacement of pulp chamber floor - Earlier classification systems considered only apical displacement, later systems consider position in relation to cemento-enamel junction and alveolar margin - Shaw 1928 classification system: classified taurodontism into four categories based on apical displacement of pulp chamber floor - Shifman & Chanannel 1978 classification system: quantified degree of taurodontism using a mathematical formula based on anatomical landmarks

Clinical Considerations - Altered morphology of taurodont teeth presents challenges during dental treatment - Difficulties in removing pulp and filling large pulp chamber and complex root canal system - Caution needed in using taurodont teeth for dental anchorage - Taurodont teeth may be easier to extract due to apical displacement of furcation area - Taurodont teeth may have a favorable prognosis from a periodontal point of view

Anthropology - Taurodontism seen in Neanderthals - Common among New World monkeys, apes, and fossil hominins

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