Early Life and Career - Edward Hartley Angle was born on June 1, 1855, in Herricks, NY, U.S. - He attended high school in Canton, Pennsylvania. - Angle studied at the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery and became a dentist in 1878. - He opened a sheep-ranching business in Montana in 1882. - Angle married Florence A Canning in March 1887 and had a daughter named Florence Elizabeth Angle. - In 1886, Angle became a faculty member at the University of Minnesota, teaching comparative anatomy and orthodontia. - He published his first edition of a textbook in 1887. - Angle was elected as the President of the Minneapolis City Dental Society in 1888. - He resigned from his faculty position to focus solely on orthodontics. - Angle earned his Medical degree from Marion Sims College in 1897.

Contributions to Orthodontics - Angle founded the Angle School of Orthodontia in St. Louis, Missouri in 1900. - He coined the term 'malocclusion' to refer to anomalies of tooth position. - Angle standardised appliances and developed surgical techniques for orthodontic treatment. - His classification system for malocclusion revolutionised the field of orthodontics. - Angle collaborated with artist Edmund H. Wuerpel to apply aesthetics to orthodontics. - Angle founded the Society of Orthodontists, which later became the American Society of Orthodontists. - He published several editions of his famous textbook on orthodontics. - Angle opened three orthodontic schools between 1905 and 1928. - He had 46 patents to his name. - The Angle Orthodontist, founded in 1930, is the official publication of the Edward H. Angle Society of Orthodontists.

Impact and Legacy - Edward H. Angle is widely regarded as the father of American orthodontics. - He dedicated his life to standardizing the teaching and practice of orthodontics. - Angle's classification system provided clarity and simplicity to defining healthy dentition alignment. - He emphasised the importance of occlusion for optimal facial aesthetics. - Angle's contributions laid the foundation for modern orthodontics.

Orthodontic Appliances - Upper and Lower Jaw Functional Expanders were developed in 1907. - The E (expansion) Arch Appliance had two types: Basic and Ribbed. - The Pin & Tube Appliance, introduced in 1910, consisted of Gold and Platinum bands. - The Ribbon Arch Appliance, created in 1915, allowed rotation to be possible. - The Edgewise Appliance, developed in 1925, allowed tooth movement in all 3 planes of space.

Death and Related Information - Edward Angle died on August 11, 1930, in Santa Monica. - He passed away at the age of 75 from heart failure. - His last words were, 'I have finished my work and I did my best.' - He was buried in Mountain View Cemetery in Altadena, California. - Angle School of Orthodontia is associated with Edward Angle. - The Angle Orthodontist is a publication related to orthodontics. - Calvin Case is a notable figure in dentistry. - The book 'Contemporary Orthodontics' by William R. Proffit is a reference. - 'Famous Figures in Dentistry' by Tamar Gruenbaum is a resource. - Sheldon Peck's article provides a biographical portrait of Edward Hartley Angle. - 'Contemporary Orthodontics' by William R. Proffit is a comprehensive orthodontics textbook. - The ADA.org website has information on the history of dentistry in the 19th century. - The JASDA Mouth journal features an article on famous figures in dentistry. - Various authors have contributed to the field of orthodontics, including Charles B. Bolton, Holly Broadbent Sr., Allan G. Brodie, Charles J. Burstone, and Peter Buschang.