Signs and symptoms - Sore on the face or oral cavity that does not heal - Trouble swallowing - Change in voice - Unusual bleeding - Facial pain, numbness, or swelling

Mouth - Squamous cell cancers common in the mouth - Associated with tobacco and alcohol use - Surgeries for oral cancers include maxillectomy, mandibulectomy, glossectomy, radical neck dissection - Defects are covered/improved using body parts or skin grafts - Lip and oral cavity cancers are most common types of head and neck cancer

Nose - Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer affects nasal cavity and sinuses - Most are squamous cell carcinomas

Nasopharynx - Nasopharyngeal cancer arises in the nasopharynx - Distinct from common head and neck squamous cell carcinomas - Poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma is lymphoepithelioma - Treated as a separate disease by many experts

Throat - Oropharyngeal cancers begin in the oropharynx - Squamous cell carcinomas are common - Tonsil cancers strongly associated with HPV infection - HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer has better outcome than HPV-negative disease - High risk of developing a second primary cancer