Signs and Symptoms
- Gradual enlargement of major salivary glands, particularly parotid glands
- Swelling may be on one side or both sides, causing disfigurement and pain
- Xerostomia (dry mouth) without other causes such as medication side effects
- HIV-SGD may be the presenting sign of HIV infection
- Xerophthalmia (dry eyes) and arthralgia (joint pain) similar to Sjögren syndrome
Epidemiology
- HIV-SGD is more prevalent in HIV positive children than HIV positive adults (19% and 1% respectively)
- Unlike other oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS, HIV-SGD has increased despite the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
References
- Burket LW; Greenberg MS; Michael Glick; Jonathan A Ship (2008). Burkets Oral Medicine. PMPH-USA. pp.207–208. ISBN978-1-55009-345-2.
- Jeffers, L; Webster-Cyriaque, JY (April 2011). Viruses and salivary gland disease (SGD): lessons from HIV SGD. Advances in Dental Research. 23 (1): 79–83. doi:10.1177/0022034510396882. PMC3144046. PMID21441486.
- Witt RL (1 January 2011). Salivary Gland Diseases: Surgical and Medical Management. Thieme. pp.60–61. ISBN978-1-60406-537-4.
- Schiødt, M (February 1992). HIV-associated salivary gland disease: a review. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Oral Pathology. 73 (2): 164–7. doi:10.1016/0030-4220(92)90189-w. PMID1549310.
Prevalence in HIV Positive Children
- HIV-SGD is more prevalent in HIV positive children than HIV positive adults (19% and 1% respectively)
Impact of HAART on HIV-SGD
- Unlike other oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS, HIV-SGD has increased despite the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
Human immunodeficiency virus salivary gland disease (abbreviated to HIV-SGD, and also termed HIV-associated salivary gland disease), is swelling of the salivary glands and/or xerostomia in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
