Definition and Function of Quad Helix - Quad helix is an orthodontic appliance for the upper teeth. - It is cemented in the mouth and attached to molars with bands. - Its main function is to widen the arch of the mouth and correct posterior cross-bite.

Materials and Indications - Quad helix is made from 38 mil stainless steel wire. - It is primarily indicated in mixed dentition, cleft patients, and thumb-suckers. - There is a variety of quad helix with attachments welded to bands for adjustment. - It is used for narrow top jaw, cross bite, and crowded teeth. - The appliance expands the upper arch by pushing teeth outwards.

Evolution of Quad Helix - The precursor to quad helix was the coffin spring. - Later developments included tri-helices and bi-helices. - Quad helix has two or four active helix springs. - It is designed to widen the arch more effectively than previous designs and provide better treatment outcomes.

References - Mitchell, Laura. 'An Introduction to Orthodontics'. Oxford University Press. - Singh, Gurkeerat. 'Textbook of Orthodontics' (2nd ed.). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Publishers. - Charles B. Bolton - Holly Broadbent Sr. - Allan G. Brodie

Categories and Expansion - Orthodontic appliances - Dental equipment - Dentistry stubs - Dentistry article is a stub - Wikipedia page can be expanded to provide more information