Signs, symptoms, and diagnosis of hyperdontia
- Presence of supernumerary tooth associated with disturbance of maxillary incisor region
- Impaction of incisors during mixed dentition stage
- Impedes eruption of adjacent additional or normal teeth
- Can lead to formation of cysts
- Frequently seen in people with hyperdontia
- Supernumerary teeth detected through dental X-rays
- Intra-oral X-ray and panoramic radiograph commonly used
- 2D X-rays do not accurately portray 3D view of teeth
- Occasionally, teeth do not erupt into oral cavity but manifest as malocclusion
- Mesiodens is the most common supernumerary tooth

Causes and evolution of hyperdontia
- Evidence of hereditary factors and environmental factors
- Multiple hyperdontia is rare in people with no other associated diseases or syndromes
- Many supernumerary teeth never erupt
- Molar-type extra teeth are the most common type
- Dental X-rays used to diagnose hyperdontia
- Specific genes play a role in determining number and pattern of teeth
- Mutations or variations in these genes can result in formation of extra teeth
- Hyperdontia has been proposed as having an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance
- MSX1 and MSX2 genes associated with hyperdontia
- AXIN2 gene linked to hyperdontia and other dental traits

Related conditions and famous people with hyperdontia
- Hyperdontia seen in disorders such as Gardners syndrome and cleidocranial dysostosis
- Associated conditions include Cleidocranial dysplasia, Ehlers–Danlos syndrome Type III, Ellis–van Creveld syndrome, Gardners syndrome, Goldenhar syndrome, Hallermann–Streiff syndrome, Orofaciodigital syndrome type I, Incontinentia pigmenti, Marfan syndrome, Nance–Horan syndrome, and Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome Type 1
- Gaten Matarazzo, actor, had hyperdontia and underwent surgery to remove his extra teeth.
- David DeVore Jr., gained internet fame after removing a supernumerary tooth at the dentist.
- Kalpana Balan, an Indian woman, entered the Guinness World Records for having the most teeth in a human's mouth.
- Freddie Mercury, lead singer of Queen, had four extra teeth in his upper jaw.
- Peter Steele, musician, is said to have had hyperdontia.

Treatment of hyperdontia
- Supernumerary teeth usually asymptomatic but often extracted for aesthetic reasons
- Extraction may be done to allow eruption of other teeth or for orthodontic reasons
- Traditional method of removal using bone chisels
- Piezoelectric ultrasonic bone surgery is a more advanced and beneficial technique
- Reduces post-operative bleeding and associated complications

Historical mentions, folklore, mythology, and literature
- Timarchos, Drypetina, Agrippina the Younger, Emperor Ku, and Deganawidah are historical figures said to have had hyperdontia.
- Heracles, Len Linfhiaclach, Tukwishhemish, witches in Estonia, and the Slavic upyr are mentioned in folklore and mythology for having double rows of teeth.
- 'A Legend of MacAlister More' and various scientific articles and journals discuss hyperdontia and its genetic basis.

Hyperdontia (Wikipedia)

See also: List of dental abnormalities associated with cutaneous conditions

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Hyperdontia is the condition of having supernumerary teeth, or teeth that appear in addition to the regular number of teeth (32 in the average adult). They can appear in any area of the dental arch and can affect any dental organ. The opposite of hyperdontia is hypodontia, where there is a congenital lack of teeth, which is a condition seen more commonly than hyperdontia. The scientific definition of hyperdontia is "any tooth or odontogenic structure that is formed from tooth germ in excess of usual number for any given region of the dental arch." The additional teeth, which may be few or many, can occur on any place in the dental arch. Their arrangement may be symmetrical or non-symmetrical.

Hyperdontia
Other names	Supernumerary teeth, Mesiodens
Intraoral photograph showing conical mesiodens
Specialty	Dentistry
Symptoms	supernumerary teeth coming out from the gum or in the mouth
Complications	supernumerary teeth growing into the gum
Types	5[citation needed]
Causes	Gardner's syndrome Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Cleft palate Cleidocranial dysplasia Genetic disorder
Risk factors	supernumerary teeth causing problems in the dental arch
Differential diagnosis	Hypodontia
Treatment	Dental surgery