Signs, symptoms, and diagnosis of hyperdontia - Presence of supernumerary tooth associated with disturbance of maxillary incisor region - Impaction of incisors during mixed dentition stage - Impedes eruption of adjacent additional or normal teeth - Can lead to formation of cysts - Frequently seen in people with hyperdontia - Supernumerary teeth detected through dental X-rays - Intra-oral X-ray and panoramic radiograph commonly used - 2D X-rays do not accurately portray 3D view of teeth - Occasionally, teeth do not erupt into oral cavity but manifest as malocclusion - Mesiodens is the most common supernumerary tooth

Causes and evolution of hyperdontia - Evidence of hereditary factors and environmental factors - Multiple hyperdontia is rare in people with no other associated diseases or syndromes - Many supernumerary teeth never erupt - Molar-type extra teeth are the most common type - Dental X-rays used to diagnose hyperdontia - Specific genes play a role in determining number and pattern of teeth - Mutations or variations in these genes can result in formation of extra teeth - Hyperdontia has been proposed as having an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance - MSX1 and MSX2 genes associated with hyperdontia - AXIN2 gene linked to hyperdontia and other dental traits

Related conditions and famous people with hyperdontia - Hyperdontia seen in disorders such as Gardners syndrome and cleidocranial dysostosis - Associated conditions include Cleidocranial dysplasia, Ehlers–Danlos syndrome Type III, Ellis–van Creveld syndrome, Gardners syndrome, Goldenhar syndrome, Hallermann–Streiff syndrome, Orofaciodigital syndrome type I, Incontinentia pigmenti, Marfan syndrome, Nance–Horan syndrome, and Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome Type 1 - Gaten Matarazzo, actor, had hyperdontia and underwent surgery to remove his extra teeth. - David DeVore Jr., gained internet fame after removing a supernumerary tooth at the dentist. - Kalpana Balan, an Indian woman, entered the Guinness World Records for having the most teeth in a human's mouth. - Freddie Mercury, lead singer of Queen, had four extra teeth in his upper jaw. - Peter Steele, musician, is said to have had hyperdontia.

Treatment of hyperdontia - Supernumerary teeth usually asymptomatic but often extracted for aesthetic reasons - Extraction may be done to allow eruption of other teeth or for orthodontic reasons - Traditional method of removal using bone chisels - Piezoelectric ultrasonic bone surgery is a more advanced and beneficial technique - Reduces post-operative bleeding and associated complications

Historical mentions, folklore, mythology, and literature - Timarchos, Drypetina, Agrippina the Younger, Emperor Ku, and Deganawidah are historical figures said to have had hyperdontia. - Heracles, Len Linfhiaclach, Tukwishhemish, witches in Estonia, and the Slavic upyr are mentioned in folklore and mythology for having double rows of teeth. - 'A Legend of MacAlister More' and various scientific articles and journals discuss hyperdontia and its genetic basis.